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Review: Leatherstocking Golf Course (Part 1)

Most people who visit Cooperstown, New York, are going to see the National Baseball Hall of Fame. It is the obvious reason to visit the town...

Sunday, November 30, 2014

Orion Test Launch Coming Soon

The first space flight of the new Orion crew capsule is scheduled for this week. It's about time we got this thing going, we've been without manned space capability for too long. And while the space shuttle was cool and all, we haven't had any sort of capability beyond low Earth orbit since Apollo, and that was 40 years ago. Space flight is no cheaper, we have just as many space stations orbiting the planet, and we are about as close to traveling to other planets now as we were then. Hopefully this doesn't get cancelled, like every other time NASA has tried to move the manned space program along with any kind of ambition. We can only hope. This flight will be unmanned, but if all goes well, astronauts should soon be on their way beyond Earth and out into the solar system.

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Tuesday, November 25, 2014

The Case of the Missing Stars

It seems that globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster are missing some stars. The population of these globular clusters is split equally between old stars and new stars. This does not fit in with current theories on the formation of those objects. Until now, scientists assumed that the stars in globular clusters all formed at the same time, and that most, if not all the stars would be old. Any new stars would form from ejected star material, but theories predicted that old stars should outnumber new stars considerably. Observationally, that isn't the case for Fornax.

It's actually not the case for the Milky Way's globular clusters, either. They have a similar star make-up, but scientists assumed that something caused the clusters to lose older stars. They can't make the same assumption for Fornax, because there's nowhere the stars could have gone where we couldn't detect them. They're just not there. So, it may take some serious rethinking to figure out how these globular clusters actually formed.

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Sunday, November 23, 2014

More Snow Does Not Equal a Cooler Climate

Lake-effect snow in action.
In fact, it basically means the opposite of that. The massive snowstorms that have hit the Great Lakes region have been well-publicized, and for good reason. Buffalo, New York under several feet of snow, in November? They get a lot of snow, but not that much, not this early anyway. It's also been very cold basically all over the country, and no, it's not because of the "polar vortex."

It's complicated, because weather always is; but a typhoon that was in the Pacific maintained cohesion much further north than it should be able to, because ocean waters are warmer than they should be. The jet stream is weaker than normal because the Arctic is warmer than it should be, and when the typhoon remnants smacked into it, the jet stream dipped south, bringing cold air with it. That's why it was so cold everywhere. Lake-effect snow occurs when cold air moves over an unfrozen lake, and the Great Lakes were very unfrozen. Water temperatures were about 50 degrees Fahrenheit above air temperatures, and that is a lot. This is a bad time for lake-effect snow anyway, but that temperature differential equates to prodigious snowfall totals for Buffalo. If the lakes were a bit cooler, like they should be in mid-November, the snow would not have been so bad. Still a lot, but not 7 feet.

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Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel Review

NOTE: There's not much point in me doing a non-spoiler review at this point, the game's been out for a month now, and there are plenty of reviews already out there. So, if you care about the story at all and don't want to know what happens until you play the game, this may not be the place for you. I don't go into that much detail, but there's enough.

I haven't even started the game and I already like it.
Of course pirate ships can be Vault Hunters!
As you may have gathered from the picture, I chose to play as Claptrap, the hilarious/annoying mascot of the Borderlands series, finally a playable character. I really didn't have a choice in the matter, I liked his character in Borderlands 2, and you know, the fact that not the same thing happens whenever I hit the action skill button was entertaining. Of course, Pirate Ship mode is by far the best of all the potential option, and yes, it is annoying to get melee mode while fighting a flying boss. But hey, I knew what I was signing up for. I think it's amusing that Claptrap has skills basically built around him losing all his health. He's great at getting Second Winds (if you lose all your health but kill an enemy in the next few seconds, you get back up), and I like how good he is with explosives. Unfortunately, I feel like Claptrap is really set up for multiplayer, whenever I have played with friends, he seems to get even better than in single player, and he's pretty good in single player.

This big giant space station.
Compared to Borderlands 2, this game starts off really fast. Basically, you're thrown right into the action as evil Dahl soldiers take over Helios, the big giant Hyperion space station hovering over Elpis, Pandora's moon. Your ship gets hit with a rocket and you crash into the station, presumably giving your character a nasty concussion, since you immediately forget your action skill, which you had just used on the ship. That's just how the game works, I know, but still. Anyway, over the course of the first mission, you save Jack, your employee and future Borderlands 2 antagonist, fight a whole bunch of soldiers, confront the leader of the Lost Legion (the soldiers you're fighting) and her alien friend, fight a boss, all culminating with you getting shot out of a cannon at the moon below. In Borderlands 2, your first mission was: walk 100 feet, watch Claptrap (he got downgraded) get his eyeball ripped out, pick up gun.

Elpis, Pandora, and the sun.
It's funny, while the game gets going with gusto, the first half of the game is really fairly slow. There's a lot of moon exploration, and while the moon does look fantastic, it is a barren and basically lifeless hunk of rock. There's nothing organic about it, and environments look broadly similar. It's either ice, or lava. So yes, exploring similar looking areas is a bit monotonous, but it's not realistic in any way for Elpis to have forests, or oceans, or things like that. The methane rivers in the later part of the games are pushing believability, and they're clearly not natural. I think it's also important to note at this point that despite the game's claim to the contrary, Elpis must have some sort of atmosphere. Not a big deal, but every time I hear "VACUUM DETECTED", I can't help but think, "No it isn't." Ah well.

The big laser. From Helios, the moon is below.
So, you're running around the moon doing Vault Hunter things, and that's when the space station above does its best Death Star impression and fires a very large laser at the moon. It even has lasers coming together into a point and combining into an even larger beam, which totally doesn't work, but whatever. This adds some urgency to your quest to retake Helios, except it really doesn't. It never does. Big giant laser bombarding the moon? Time running out? Better do some side-quests.

So, over the course of the game, the player watches Jack fall from a character with heroic, if slightly misguided, intentions to the character we met in Borderlands 2, who is not at all heroic and wants to see everyone on Pandora die quite painfully. It's an interesting story, and I think probably the most reliable. The thing with Borderlands games is that they're frame stories. We're playing a game, but the game is a story being told by someone in the future. In Borderlands 2, the story is told by someone who was on the winning side, and may or may not be entirely reliable. In that case, the Vault Hunters you play in that game, and the Vault Hunters from the original Borderlands (which I have not played), are made out to be heroes. In this game, this isn't the case. This is a very grey universe, and there are no real heroes. Heroes wouldn't last long on a world where communication happens through the end of a gun, and where a supposed "hero" has a kill count in the thousands. That did bother me a bit about Borderlands 2, and I'm glad that this game addressed it somewhat.

The game's final boss, guardian of the Vault.
Long story short, you retake Helios, but you are betrayed by people who we, as the player, have trusted through both previous Borderlands games. Undaunted by all this, you set off for the Vault on Elpis, because after all, that is what you were after all along. You are a Vault Hunter, you hunt Vaults. Vaults are areas created by an alien race known as Eridians, they contain large monsters which defend them, and killing said monster grants you vast treasures (guns, Borderlands advertises itself on having lots and lots of guns). So after fighting through even more soldiers, and a whole host of Eridians, you make it to the Vault and face the Sentinel. I can't compare it to the Destroyer, final boss of the first Borderlands, but I can compare it to the Warrior, final boss of Borderlands 2. I'll keep it simple, this one was better. I was always at a higher level than the Warrior was, he went down quick, there was lava all around the arena that you could easily get knocked into, which was an instant game over, and he was kind of boring.

Above: Phase 2
This guy felt like an actual threat. You fight him, take down his ridiculously powerful shield, and kill him. But something isn't right. He didn't drop nearly enough loot, and it doesn't feel like it's over. And it isn't. Now it's time for phase 2. He's big, he's mean, and he was really fun to fight. I especially liked the arena, it was just a flat circle. No tricks of elevation, no instant death pits, it's just you and him. And all the little guys he summons to give you Second Winds. Hey, he's a generous monster. You beat this guy, he dies for good, you get your lootsplosion (it's a term), and Jack, your employer, comes in to examine his reward. He touches it, though I'm not entirely sure what it is, perhaps the actual "Vault", anyway, and his future is revealed to him. He sees himself waking the Warrior and ruling Pandora and its vast treasures. That's when he gets punched in the face (long story), the Vault symbol is burned onto his skin, and he goes, to put it simply, absolutely insane. And that's game over. In a few years, Borderlands 2 goes down, Jack does wake the Warrior, but the Vault Hunters in that game kill him and it. Hooray.

And now, what did I think of the game? I enjoyed it a lot. In the last game, there were several locations which I dreaded going through. I hated entire areas of the game. I didn't get that in the Pre-Sequel. I didn't feel like an area was annoying, or too hard, or anything. So, I'd say I actually like it a little more than Borderlands 2. I'll give it a 9 out of 10. That's honestly higher than most other reviews I've seen. Boy, this has been going on for a while, and I didn't even get to low gravity, or laser and ice weapons. Those were all good. The portion of the game where you have to hop through an unfinished section of the space station with nothing but space below you was really cool. I think that's everything I wanted to talk about. It was a good game, and I would recommend it.


I hope you realize getting these pictures meant standing still in front of a very powerful enemy. Totally worth it though.
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Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Philae and the Comet Landing

From ESA
Philae landed on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko today. Probably. Maybe even twice. Considering two of the three device designed to keep the probe down, a small rocket and the harpoons, didn't even work right, I'd say it was a pretty good day's work for the little lander. We'll have to wait until tomorrow to get more information, as Rosetta, the main craft, is out of communications range. I guess this must happen often, if not, this doesn't seem like the greatest time to drop the lander, a couple hours before all communication is lost. Ah well, I'm not on the project, what do I know?

I have to admit, I was a bit worried about it today. This hasn't been a great time for space flight, with 2 rockets experiencing what can modestly be called catastrophic failure. It looks like Philae has survived the slowest fall in the solar system (okay, not literally, but come on, the comet's pretty small.) and will transmit some useful information.

On a side note, it seems like people were really impressed with what Philae did today, and yes, it is a remarkable achievement. But it wasn't that hard. Basically, all they did was point the thing in the right direction and give it a little nudge. The rocket on Philae is not designed to slow the descent, but to keep the probe anchored to the moon. Same with the harpoons. Unless it's landed on a cliff or on top of a boulder, Philae should be just fine. The real achievement was getting Rosetta in orbit around the comet in the first place. Come on, after ten years, perfectly intercepting a tiny rock hundreds of millions of miles away? That's some serious math skill right there.

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Sunday, November 9, 2014

It Was Bound to Happen Eventually...My First Top 5 List

The internet loves lists. Seriously, they're everywhere. I don't recall doing a list before, not because I'm philosophically opposed to them, I just haven't done one before. UNTIL TODAY. TODAY MARKS A GREAT DAY IN HISTORY AS I COUNT DOWN MY FIVE FAVORITE...

WAIT FOR IT...

WAIT FOR IT...

EPISODES OF SPONGEBOB SQUAREPANTS!!!!

5. "Wet Painters"

Spongebob and Patrick paint Mr. Krabs' house, but accidently get paint on his first dollar. Their attempts to remove said paint do not end well. Umm, I'm not entirely sure what else needs to be said about these, if you haven't watched them, you definitely should go do that. I mean, obviously, I really like these episodes, that's why they're here. I guess I'll throw in the best quote and a memorable scene.
Best Quote:
"YOU MESSED UP MY DOLLAR...RAMA!!"


4. "Krusty Krab Training Video"

It's a very literal title for this episode, it's the official Krusty Krab training video, which all new employees must watch. It's quite a bit different from...well, everything, seeing as there really isn't a plot, or story. That's an interesting maneuver, a plotless show, yet it manages to work extremely well. It's worth noting that this episode is paired with "Wet Painters", which probably makes the best half-hour of Spongebob out there.
Best Quote:
"The ceiling is right, Squidward, you're not a very good employee."


3. "Pizza Delivery"

Back to Season 1 (like seasons matter for a show like this) for the show's first really great episode. Spongebob and Squidward deliver the first Krabby Patty pizza. Things don't go well. That could be the summary for every episode. Spongebob and somebody do something. Things don't go well. Ah well, nobody ever said a kid's cartoon would have exciting and original plots. Anyway, this episode is great, and maybe the most quotable out of the episodes on my list here.
Best Quote:
"It's not just a boulder...it's a rock!"


2. "SB-129"

Spongebob goes science-fiction in this episode. Squidward runs away to the Krusty Krab to avoid Spongebob and Patrick, gets frozen, awakes 2,000 years later, time travels back to the past, then travels to Asparagus Land. Unfortunately, I couldn't find a clip from my favorite moment on Youtube, so I'll just have to settle for the classic bit of the episode. Oh well.
Best Quote:
"Rrready to go?"
"No I'm not rrready to go!"


1. "Band Geeks"

Please, like it was ever going to be anything else. I used to have this episode completely memorized, something I managed to do without even trying. After watching it a hundred times, I just sort of absorbed it. Squidward starts a band, it doesn't go well, but when everyone goes to play, it works. It's just such a good episode, it is far and away my favorite. The others are great, but they don't really come close.
Best Quote:
"Whoever's the owner of the white sedan, you left your lights on..."
And of course: 

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Monday, November 3, 2014

All Space Flight is Important

This past week has not been a good one for space exploration's public image. Two rockets down, with one man dead. Frankly, considering the vehicle, I can't believe the second man on that ship lived. I'm sure it's caused a lot of people to question the validity and the entire point of space travel. To the regular person, it doesn't seem worth it. I know I've talked about this plenty before, and I'm sure I'll talk about it again. SpaceShipTwo was a space tourism vessel, and in terms of importance, well, there are more important things. However, I don't want people associating that with all space flight.

This is an article about how in a few years, NASA will be bringing most of its planetary space probe missions to an end. After that, we'll be left with very little in the way of new and exciting information about the planets. I've noticed a picture of Titan's lakes circulating through the internet today, in a few years, spectacular images like this will be no more. Manned space flight is important, but so is unmanned. Space probes go where we cannot, they can go further, longer, and they can do it for far less money. Landing a man on Mars may get all the press, but sending a probe to sail on Ligeia Mare, or to drill through Europa's icy crust to the ocean beneath would be just as epic a milestone, and would probably return even more spectacular results.

In an unrelated bit of news, I've got a couple of longer, more involved posts in the works, and hopefully I can get them out this week. They'll be different from my normal fare, so...yes. That will be happening, I guess.

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